Which tumor marker is elevated in a seminoma?

In seminomas, a subtype of testicular germ cell tumors, the most characteristic tumor marker is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which may be elevated in some cases, although it is not universally elevated and is more commonly associated with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. However, seminomas typically do not elevate alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).

In a patient with seminoma, it is essential to recognize that AFP levels remain normal, while hCG may be elevated in a portion of these cases. Therefore, the correct choice indicates high hCG with normal AFP, accurately reflecting the typical tumor marker profile associated with seminomas.

Understanding the specific markers aids in differentiating seminomas from non-seminomatous tumors, which can have various marker elevations such as hCG and AFP, helping guide diagnosis and treatment.