Which treatment is commonly used for treating TTP?

Plasma exchange, also known as plasmapheresis, is the cornerstone of treatment for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). TTP is characterized by a pentad of symptoms, including microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, neurological symptoms, renal impairment, and fever. The underlying pathophysiology involves a deficiency of the von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease (ADAMTS13), leading to the formation of large von Willebrand factor multimers that promote excessive platelet aggregation and subsequent microthrombosis.

Plasma exchange works by removing the pathogenic factors in the plasma, including the inhibitors to ADAMTS13, and replenishing the enzyme itself through the infusion of donor plasma. This process significantly improves platelet counts, resolves hemolysis, and alleviates the complications associated with TTP. Rapid initiation of plasma exchange is crucial, as TTP can be life-threatening and prompt treatment can lead to a substantial improvement in outcomes.

Other options, while they may have roles in various conditions, do not address the immediate and critical needs in the treatment of TTP. For instance, hemodialysis is used primarily for renal failure but does not directly affect the underlying