Which syndrome is characterized by false positive VDRL tests and possibly leads to spontaneous abortions?

Antiphospholipid syndrome is a condition characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, which can lead to a hypercoagulable state. One of the notable serological findings in this syndrome is the elevation of certain markers that can cross-react with components of the VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test, leading to false positive results. This occurs because antiphospholipid antibodies can react with phospholipids that are a part of the test system.

Moreover, antiphospholipid syndrome is associated with obstetric complications, including recurrent spontaneous abortions, particularly in the first trimester. This is thought to be due to placental insufficiency or thrombosis occurring in the placental vasculature as a result of the hypercoagulable state. Therefore, the presence of false positive VDRL tests in conjunction with the risk of miscarriages aligns distinctly with antiphospholipid syndrome, making it the most appropriate choice in this scenario.

In contrast, while other options may present with various tests and symptoms, they do not typically feature both false positive VDRL tests and a strong association with spontaneous abortions to the same extent as antiphospholipid syndrome.