Which population is particularly at risk for nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma?

Nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (NPC) is particularly associated with populations from the Mediterranean region and certain Asian ethnic groups, especially those from Southeast Asia, including individuals from southern China, Malaysia, and Indonesia. This malignancy has a known association with specific genetic predispositions and environmental factors, including the consumption of certain preserved foods that are high in nitrates, which are hypothesized to contribute to the carcinogenic process.

In addition to the dietary aspects, these populations often have higher rates of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, which is linked to NPC development. The unique interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures in these areas leads to a higher incidence of this type of cancer compared to other regions.

Other populations, such as those from North America, Europe, or South America, do not show the same elevated risk factors or incidence rates for nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, primarily due to differences in genetic background and environmental exposures.