Which of the following side effects is associated with amiodarone?

Amiodarone, a class III antiarrhythmic medication, is well-known for its potential to cause pulmonary fibrosis, which is the scarring and inflammation of lung tissue that can result in progressive and irreversible respiratory impairment. This side effect is particularly significant because it can manifest after prolonged use or even after discontinuation of the drug, and it may present clinically with symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, and decreased exercise tolerance. The risk of developing pulmonary toxicity underscores the importance of monitoring lung function in patients receiving amiodarone therapy, especially those on long-term treatment or those with pre-existing pulmonary conditions.

The mechanism behind amiodarone-induced pulmonary fibrosis is not fully understood, but it is hypothesized to involve direct toxicity to lung tissue due to the drug's iodine content and its accumulation in tissues over time. Early recognition and management of pulmonary complications are vital for optimizing patient outcomes.

Other potential side effects associated with amiodarone, such as thyroid dysfunction (due to its iodine content), hepatic toxicity, or cutaneous reactions, deserve attention, but none are as characteristically associated with the drug as pulmonary fibrosis. This makes pulmonary fibrosis a notable concern for clinicians prescribing amiodarone, emphasizing the need for careful patient selection and