Which is a distinguishing feature of trachoma infection?

Trachoma is a significant infectious disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. A distinguishing feature of trachoma infection is the presence of follicular conjunctivitis. This term refers to the formation of small, raised lesions or follicles in the conjunctival tissue, especially noticeable in the upper tarsal conjunctiva. These follicles are a result of the immune response to the chlamydial infection and are characteristic of the active phase of trachoma.

Follicular conjunctivitis in trachoma typically results in a palpebral conjunctiva that appears bumpy or nodular. This is a key diagnostic criterion for trachoma, particularly important in epidemiological surveillance in areas where the disease is endemic.

In contrast, while conjunctival edema may be present in other conjunctival infections, it is not specific to trachoma. Granulation tissue in the ear canal is unrelated to trachoma and is typically associated with other conditions. Ear pain is also not a feature of trachoma and may indicate other otological issues. Thus, the presence of follicular conjunctivitis is the hallmark that helps differentiate trachoma from other conjunctival infections.