Which imaging finding is typical in invasive aspergillosis?

Invasive aspergillosis is commonly associated with the formation of cavitary lesions in the lungs, particularly in immunocompromised individuals such as those with severe neutropenia, organ transplant patients, or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The pathophysiological mechanism involves the colonization and invasion of the lung tissue by the Aspergillus species, which can lead to necrosis and the subsequent formation of cavities filled with necrotic tissue and fungal elements.

Cavitary lesions often appear on imaging as air-filled spaces within areas of consolidation or in previously normal lung parenchyma, particularly in the upper lobes. The appearance of these cavities may be described as irregularly shaped and can vary significantly in size.

Other imaging findings might be present in cases of invasive aspergillosis, but cavitary lesions are highly characteristic and provide vital information for diagnosis. If there are associated findings such as nodules or consolidative areas, they may contribute to the overall assessment, but the hallmark feature remains the cavitary lesions that signify the invasive nature of the infection.