Which class of drug is primarily used to treat herpes zoster ophthalmicus?

The primary treatment for herpes zoster ophthalmicus is systemic antiviral agents. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus is a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. This condition can lead to significant complications, including keratitis and vision loss, so prompt treatment is essential.

Systemic antiviral agents, such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir, are effective in reducing the severity and duration of the viral infection when initiated early in the course of the disease. These medications target the virus directly, inhibiting its ability to replicate, which helps to control the infection and mitigate complications associated with the ocular involvement of the virus.

While other treatments like topical steroids, antihistamines, and analgesics might offer symptomatic relief or address specific symptoms, they do not have a role in addressing the underlying viral infection. Topical steroids can sometimes be used to manage inflammation, but they must be approached with caution in cases of viral infections due to the potential for exacerbating the condition. Antihistamines are primarily used for allergic reactions and do not impact viral replication. Analgesics can help manage pain, but again, they do not treat the