What is the most common primary renal tumor in children?

Wilms tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is the most common primary renal tumor in children. It typically occurs in children aged between 2 and 5 years and is characterized by the presence of a palpable abdominal mass. The tumor originates from embryonic kidney cells and can be associated with congenital anomalies such as WAGR syndrome, syndrome and other conditions.

The distinction of Wilms tumor as the most prevalent form in the pediatric population is important for clinical diagnosis and management. While neuroblastoma is another common childhood tumor, it primarily arises outside the kidney (typically from the adrenal glands) and is more associated with the sympathetic nervous system. Rhabdomyosarcoma and clear cell carcinoma are much less common in children compared to Wilms tumor. Understanding these differences is crucial for appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in pediatric oncology.